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Publication Categories:
BAY-DELTA
Chinook Salmon Fry Outmigrant Pilot Study, Mokelumne River, California,
Phase I. Entrix, Inc. July 2001.
This pilot study was designed to begin developing information on the smolt-sized salmon in the Central Valley rivers and Delta. The objective was to determine if salmon fry can be effectively captured in riverine and tidally influenced habitats, to assess which collection methods work best, to characterize the habitats available, and to assess habitat use, growth and outmigration timing of salmon fry using the Mokelumne River habitat as the study area.
 Download this Document (74 pages, 4 MB)
Bay-Delta Accord Category III Ecosystem Restoration Projects. California
Urban Water Agencies. May 2000.
This document is a status report on the ecosystem restoration projects initiated by Metropolitan Water District of Southern California and other agencies of California Urban Water Agencies, through the signing of the Bay-Delta Accord in 1994.
Download this Document (57 pages, 1.8 MB)
Chronic Toxicity of Sacramento River Watershed Samples to Larval Fathead
Minnows. AQUA-Science. October 1999.
In conjunction with the monitoring component of the Sacramento River Watershed Program (SRWP), three species chronic toxicity tests were conducted by the University of California, Davis, Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory. To enhance the Quality Assurance/Quality Control aspects of the SRWP chronic toxicity testing program, and to further elucidate the role of pathogens on the toxicity of SRWP samples, the California Urban Water Agencies contracted with AWUA-Science to conduct the chronic fathead minnow bioassays on approximately 25 percent of the SRWP samples. AQUA-Science employed antibiotic additions and cleaning procedures, this report presents the results of these comparative biassays.
Download this Document (26 pages, 874 KB)
Statistical Model for Survival of Chinook Salmon
Smolts Outmigrating through the Lower Sacramento-San Joaquin System. Ken
Newman and John Rice. November 1997.
This document describes a statistical model that relates salmon smolt mortality in the Sacramento river delta to a number of potentially influential factors. The consequent summary of statistical evidence is intended to aid biologists and decision makers in understanding the complexities of salmon smolt survival and in developing water use policies that balance environmental agricultural, urban, and other interests.
Download this Document (73 pages, 2.2 MB)
Comparative 7-Day Toxicity of Sacramento River Water to Larval Fathead
Minnows and Larval Chinook Salmon.
This study was conducted to determine if Sacramento River water, which demonstrated pervasive toxicity to larval fathead minnow, also caused toxicity to sensitive life stages of Chinook salmon. The study incorporated parallel bioassays with larval fathead minnows and Chinook salmon in order to assess the relative sensitivity of the two species to any toxicants which may be present in samples of Sacramento River water during the study period.
Download this Document (65 pages, 1.7 MB)
Analysis of the Striped Bass Population of the San Francisco Estuary:
Effects of Freshwater Flow Mitigated by Density-dependent Mortality. W.
J. Kimmerer, J. H. Cowan Jr., L. W. Miller and K. A. Rose. October 1997.
This report addresses the long-term decline in abundance of striped bass. Apparent causes cited are increasing adult mortality, sporadic losses of older more fecund adults and a declining carrying capacity of the estuary for age 0-3 fish. Survival during early life had no time trend but was positively related to freshwater flows into the estuary. However, flow effects were nearly eliminated during the first 1-3 years through density-dependent mortality (relationship of number of fish to available habitat and food sources).
Download this Document (66 pages, 1.9 MB)
Aquatic Toxicity and Pesticides in Surface Waters of the Central Valley. J.
Phyllis Fox, Ph. D. and Elaine Archibald. September 1997.
This study is a compilation and assessment of available water quality toxicity data from waters of the Central Valley and summarizes what is currently known about the toxicity and pesticide concentrations of waters, sediments and biota in the Sacramento Basin, the San Joaquin Basin and the Delta. While reductions in prior fish kills and elimination of widespread use of organo-chlorine pesticides are noted, waters of the system continue to show widespread periodic chronic and acute toxicity to biological indicator species of fish, invertebrates and plants. Most of this toxicity has not been chemically identified and additional efforts to better assess the identity, sources and biological significance of this toxicity are recommended.
Download this Document (280 pages, 14.7 MB)
The Status of Late-Fall and Spring Chinook in the
Sacramento River Basin Regarding the Endangered Species Act. January
1997. Steven P. Cramer and Douglas B. Demko.
A joint publication of CUWA and the Association of California Water Agencies. This report provides and independent syntheses and analysis of data on the status of late-fall and spring run chinook slamon in the Sacramento River Basin focusing on whether these populations qualify as Evolutionary Significant Units under the Act and an assessment of population trends.
Download this Document (125 pages, 5.8 MB)
Setting Goals for Salmon Smolt Survival in the Delta
and Discussions on the Proposed EPA Salinity Standard. BioSystems
Analysis Inc. August 1994.
Three meetings were held to resolve technical issues raised by California Urban Water Agencies on the environmental Protection Agency's proposed salmon standard. This report is a summary of the outcome of these meetings and summarizes the agreement reached, several technical points, and unresolved issues.
Download this Document (28 pages, 1 MB)
The Delta. B.J. Miller, Ph.D., Consulting
Engineer. May 1993.
This report is an overview of the Delta and was produced as a comprehensive, readable, uncomplicated but accurate primer on Delta issues.
Download this Document (56 pages, 4.7 MB)
DRINKING WATER QUALITY
Bay-Delta Water Quality Evaluation - Draft Final Report. Malcolm
Pirnie, Inc., Camp, Dresser and McKee, University of Cincinnati. June 1998.
The purpose of this expert panel report is to recommend Delta drinking water quality criteria to CALFED staff which can be used to evaluate the Bay-Delta alternative's relative performance in meeting CALFED Program objectives. The criteria have been developed in recognition of the interaction between source water
quality, treatment efficacy and probable regulatory outcomes as developed by the panel.
Download this Document (101 pages, 6.6 MB)
Removal of Bromate from Ozonated Drinking Water. University
of Colorado. November 1995.
This study evaluates promising options applicable to conventional surface water treatment plants contemplating the use of ozone at various points of application.
Download this Document (94 pages, 2.5 MB)
Study of Drinking Water Quality in Delta Tributaries. Brown
and Caldwell, Archibald & Wallberg Consultants, Marvin Jung & Associates, McGuire
Environmental Consultants. May 1995.
This study adds to our knowledge of drinking water quality problems in waters upstream of the Delta in its major tributary streams. It identifies relative contribution of drinking water contaminants by type and source region.
Download this Document (18 pages, 800 KB)
Water Quality Changes In Conveyance and Storage--A Study of Water
Quality Changes in the State Water Project. Alex Horne Associates.
Commins Consulting. March 1994.
This study of water quality changes in conveyance and storage within the State Water Project was begun during the 1987-92 drought. It is intended to assess the changes in water quality characteristics of drinking water as water moves from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta southward to the areas of urban use.
Download this Document (43 pages, 1.3 MB)
Delta Drinking Water Quality Study. Brown and Caldwell. May
1989.
This study identified and evaluated six alternative methods of improving drinking water quality for CUWA member agencies. The effectiveness and cost of various combinations of source water quality improvements in technologies were evaluated.
Download this Document (214 pages, 15.3 MB)
RELIABILITY AND SHORTAGE MANAGEMENT
Drought Management Policies and Economic Effects in Urban Areas of
California, 1987-1992. RAND, 1996
This report presents results from a set of interrelated projects at RAND on the impacts of the 1987-1992 drought on urban and agricultural users. It contains a conceptual discussion of the definition and measurement of the effects of drought in urban areas, an analysis of data collected from 85 urban water agencies on drought management strategies and customer responses during the drought, and an analysis of household water demand and consumer surplus losses due to the drought in Alameda County Water District.
Download this Document (143 pages, 3.9 MB)
The Effect of Urban Water Supply Reductions During the 1987-92 California
Drought. Dixon, Moore, Pint. April 1995.
The report presents results from ongoing work at RAND on the impacts of the 1987-1992 drought on urban and agricultural users. The purpose of the report is to provide the conceptual framework and background information needed to value the drought's effect on residential, commercial, and industrial users.
Download this Document (92 pages, 2.3 MB)
The Value of Water Supply Reliability: Results of a Contingent Valuation
Survey of Residential Customers. Barakat & Chamberblin, Inc. August
1994.
This contingent valuation survey was conducted to study residential water shortage economic losses. It is the most comprehensive and informative survey of its type to date conducted in the urban water supply industry. This report details results of the survey and shows what California residents are willing to pay per household on their water bills to avoid the kinds of water shortages they or their regional neighbors have incurred in recent memory.
Download this Document Summary (22 pages, 1.3 MB)
Download this Document (296 pages, 11 MB)
Water Reliability Analysis and Planning (WRAP). Barakat & Chamberlin,
Inc. August 1993.
The major objective of this WRAP model report is to forecast current and future reliability to assist planners in estimating how system reliability will be affected by supply/demand relationships.
Download this Document (113 pages, 5 MB)
Using Farm Programs to Promote Water Management Goals. BioSystems
Analysis, Inc. March 1993.
This report researches interactions between federal agricultural policy and irrigation water use and the implications for water supply and water quality planning.
Download this Document (87 pages, 3.1 MB)
Water Supply Reliability in California: How Much Do We Have? How
Much Do We Need? - Phase 1. Barakat & Chamberlin, Inc. January
1992
This project focuses on issues that are of statewide and regional interest rather than those that are more local concerns. It does not prescribe a particular approach that state agencies should use to conduct reliability planning but develops a framework that is adaptable to local circumstances.
Download this Document (46 pages, 1.2 MB)
Cost of Industrial Water Shortages. Spectrum Economics, Inc.
November 1991.
This report researches the issue of economic impacts of water shortages on the industrial sector. This analysis is based on the most extensive set of data ever collected on industrial water use, water conservation, and shortage impacts on industry. This project includes the major manufacturing sectors within the areas served by CUWA member agencies. It excludes commercial activities, institutional sectors, services industries and the landscape industry.
Download the Preliminary Draft (28 pages, 1.1 MB)
Download this Document (215 pages, 7.2 MB)
CUWA Survey of 1991 Drought Management Measures. June 1991.
This report presents the results of a survey conducted in May of 1991 of the emergency drought actions taken by the agencies that supply water to California's population centers -- its largest cities. This survey did not include conservation measures already in place, therefore it does not describe all the intensified efforts undertaken in response to the drought of the previous four years. It is limited to reporting the measures that were adopted to deal with urban water demands in the summer and fall of 1991 in the fifth year of the drought.
Download this Document (8 pages, 185 KB)
WATER MANAGEMENT OPTIONS
Recommended Salinity Targets and Program Actions for the CALFED Water
Quality Program. December 1999.
This study evaluates salinity impacts in the Bay-Delta service area, provides a rationale for establishing CALFED salinity targets and to identify program actions which, if implemented, would reduce salinity in the Delta tributaries, at the Delta pumping plants and at the drinking water intakes that deliver Delta water supplies to urban water agencies. While this is not an exhaustive investigation of the salinity impacts associated with Delta water quality, it does provide an assessment of the salinity impacts for a representative cross-section of urban agencies.
Download this Document (65 pages, 5.6 MB)
A Trial Experiment on Studying Short-Term Water Quality Changes in
Flooded Peat Soil Environments. Marvin Jung and Associates, Inc.
July 1999.
California Urban Water Agencies and Municipal Water Quality Investigations Program cosponsored an experiment on the short-term water quality impacts of flooding peat soil environments. This report presents the results from the study, which was conducted from July 15 to October 7, 1998.
Download this Document (156 pages, 11.3 MB)
Urban Water Recycling Feasibility Assessment Guidebook. Bookman-Edmonston
Engineering, Inc. September 1998.
In conjunction with the WateReuse Association CUWA sponsored the preparation of this Guidebook to be used by public water supply or wastewater disposal agencies that may be considering developing a water recycling project. It provides an overview of the planning process for evaluating the feasibility of a water recycling project and the critical implementation issues.
Download this Document (213 pages, 14.4 MB)
Review of Reliability Planning Programs of Electric Utility Agencies. Spectrum
Economics Inc. July 1991.
This report provides information about reliability planning institutions in the electric utility industry and how the approaches may be applied to the water industry. Five common factors central to each agency's success were emphasized and discussed in considering the goals of the water industry.
Download this Document (92 pages, 2.3 MB)
Desalination For Urban Water Supply. Boyle Engineering Corporation.
July 1991.
This study was commissioned by CUWA to examine the range of factors involved in considering seawater desalination for urban use. It provides an overview of desalination as an additional water supply option; advantages and disadvantages are both presented.
Download this Document (60 pages, 1.5 MB)
WATER CONSERVATION AND DEMAND MANAGEMENT
Statewide Marketing Survey: Landscape Water Use Efficiency. California Urban Water Conservation Council. June 2007.
Learning what motivates people to save water in the landscape is especially
important. This market research project explored and analyzed customer behavior relating to landscape water use in the residential, multi-family,
commercial, industrial and institutional sectors so that California water suppliers can develop appropriate water conservation communication tools
and strategies to reduce inefficient landscape water use.
Download this Document (69 pages, 376k)
Urban Water Conservation Implementation Challenges and Opportunities. A & N Technical Services, Inc. September 2004.
The objectives of this study were to:
• Identify general implementation constraints to water conservation programs
• Identify and explain the challenges of implementing urban water conservation programs by customer type9e.g., residential versus nonresidential) and end use categories (e.g., indoor versus outdoor)
• Develop findings and general recommendations regarding implementation challenges.
Download this Document (26 pages, 363k)
Review Pacific Institute Report Waste Not, Want Not. A&N Technical Services, Inc., August 2004
This brief review was commissioned by the California Urban Water Agencies (CUWA) to provide some insight on what the Pacific Institute report Waste
Not, Want Not, November 2003, does and does not accomplish.
Download this Document (12 pages, 286k)
Urban Water Conservation Potential: 2003 Technical Update. A&N Technical Services, Inc. July 2004.
The 2001 CUWA study: Urban Water Conservation Potential (sometimes referred to as the “Phase 1 Study”, (also available on CUWA’s web site) was initiated to generate an independent validation and update of CALFED estimates of agency-funded urban Best Management Practices (BMP) water conservation potential. This study provided estimates of expected BMP-driven conservation savings under the California Urban Water Conservation Council’s (CUWCC) Memorandum
of Understanding and incorporated the key economic concept of cost-effective levels of BMP activity. The 2003
Technical Update is intended to address some additional statewide planning needs that have emerged during the last several years. Both the DWR Bulletin 160 process and the CALFED Integrated Storage Investigations are conducting analyses that require forecasts of urban water demand and conservation potential through 2030.
Download this Document (72 pages, 997k)
California Urban Water Agencies Urban Water Conservation Potential. Gary
Fiske & Associates, M.Cubed, Economic Insights. August 2001.
This report provides methodologies for research and empirical data collection required in support of the CALFED Water Use Efficiency Plan. The study estimates potential savings for a subset of quantifiable BMPs based on seven hydrologic regions of California, including most of the state's urban population.
Download this Document (86 pages, 7.2 MB)
Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (AB325): A Statewide Implementation
Review. Western Policy Research, Perry and Associates Collaborative.
March 2001.
This report is an analysis of the Model Landscape Ordinance (AB 325), intended to promote the "design, installation, and maintenance" of water efficient landscapes. The study used telephone screening surveys, mail surveys, in-depth personal interviews, and review of land use agency's ordinance to assess the effectiveness of AB 325. The scope of the survey included city and county planners as well as landscape architects, developers, and contractors.
Download this Document (39 pages, 1.2 MB)
Water Use Efficiency in Urban California. California Urban
Water Agencies. April 1999.
This brochure is an overview of conservation efforts put forth by urban water agencies and their customers.
Download this Document (20 pages, 5 MB)
California Urban Water Agencies BMP Performance Evaluation. July
1997. David L. Mitchell, M.Cubed and Wendy Illingworth, Foster Associates,
Inc.
This report provides an independent analysis of CUWA members implementation performance of the Best Management Practices for Urban Water Conservation.
Download this Document (183 pages, 8.4 MB)
Performance Standards for Demonstrating Urban Water Conservation. June
1997. Thomas W. Chesnutt.
This report investigates the viability of a performance based approach to water conservation, i.e. identifying a specific savings target to be achieved over time, versus the actions-based requirements currently being used under the Memorandum of Understanding for Urban Water Conservation in California.
Download this Document (15 pages, 469 KB)
Annotated Bibliography of Water Conservation. Planning and
Management Consultants, Inc. February 1996.
This bibliography provides a comprehensive and insightful review of the developments in water demand management that have occurred over the past ten years. This project comprises three products: (1) annotated bibliography of conservation programs, Volume I; (2) topical listing of relevant bibliographic references, Volume II; and (3) monograph on the state of demand management, Volume III.
Call to inquire about copy.
Willingness to Pay for Household Water Savings Technology in Two
California Service Areas. University of California, Los Angeles.
December 1995.
This survey examines how much urban residential water users are willing to pay for particular water-saving technological fixes, and how that willingness to pay varies with water availability and the consequences of that availability. It also researches the value to residential water users of behavioral change as a function of the consequences of water shortages.
Download this Document (49 pages, 1.5 MB)
Long-Term Water Conservation and Shortage Management Practices; Planning
That Included Demand Hardening. Tabors Caramanis and Associates.
June 1994.
This guide examines demand hardening. It helps water agencies understand what demand hardening is, measure the amount of such demand hardening, identify, analyze and manage the interactions of long-term conservation programs with shortage demand management measures, and incorporate the interactions of long term conservation and shortage demand management measures into a water agency's planning for new water resources.
Download this Document (78 pages, 2.2 MB)
Ultra-Low Flush Toilets in Commercial Installations. A & N
Technical Services, Inc. W.L. Corpening & Associates. February 1994.
This report addresses concerns about the use of ULF toilets in commercial, industrial and institutional settings. A survey was conducted of non-residential ULF toilet installations and problems, and from this information set forth: (1) a description of the problems found; (2) a clear enunciation of the technical questions which need to be answered; and (3) a suggested research approach which can resolve this major problem in U.S. water conservation practice.
Download this Document (102 pages, 4.3 MB)
Guide To: Customer Incentives For Water Conservation. Barakat & Chamberlin, Inc. February 1994.
This report provides solid information on a variety of water conservation incentive programs to help water agencies design and evaluate programs on a systematic basis.
Download this Document (139 pages, 7.8 MB)
Assessment of the Economic Impacts of California's Drought on Urban
Areas: A Research Agenda. Moore, Pint, Dixon. RAND. 1993.
This document reports the findings of preliminary research in existing studies of urban drought impacts, gathering information from user groups and water agencies, and proposes an agenda for future research in the estimated dollar value of economic losses in urban areas.
Download this Document (54 pages, 1.5 MB)
CUWA Survey of 1992 Demand Management Measures. May 1992.
This survey provides an update of the 1991 survey of Drought Management Measures by CUWA. It presents the results of a survey conducted in May 1992 of the water demand management measures taken in the summer of 1992 by CUWA member agencies and provides CUWA member agencies with up-to-date information on what the other member agencies were doing.
Download this Document (12 pages, 524 KB)
Evaluating Urban Water Conservation Programs: A Procedures Manual. Planning
and Management Consultants, Ltd. February 1992.
This report is a state-of-the-art procedures manual on the evaluation of urban water conservation programs which is intended to fill the technical gap between the science of design and evaluation of water conservation programs and the interest and need for these programs. The manual is necessarily technical and is intended to be used by experienced professionals.
Download this Document (287 pages, 10.8 MB)
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